Future WILL and future GOING TO,and object pronouns

THEME ONE

Simple Future

Simple Future has two different forms in English: "will" and "be going to." Although the two forms can sometimes be used interchangeably, they often express two very different meanings. These different meanings might seem too abstract at first, but with time and practice, the differences will become clear. Both "will" and "be going to" refer to a specific time in the future.

FORM Will

[will + verb]

Examples:

• You will help him later.
• Will you help him later?
• You will not help him later.

FORM Be Going To

[am/is/are + going to + verb]

Examples:

• You are going to meet Jane tonight.
• Are you going to meet Jane tonight?
• You are not going to meet Jane tonight.

Complete List of Simple Future Forms

USE 1 "Will" to Express a Voluntary Action

"Will" often suggests that a speaker will do something voluntarily. A voluntary action is one the speaker offers to do for someone else. Often, we use "will" to respond to someone else's complaint or request for help. We also use "will" when we request that someone help us or volunteer to do something for us. Similarly, we use "will not" or "won't" when we refuse to voluntarily do something.

Examples:

• I will send you the information when I get it.
• I will translate the email, so Mr. Smith can read it.
• Will you help me move this heavy table?
• Will you make dinner?
• I will not do your homework for you.
• I won't do all the housework myself!
• A: I'm really hungry.
  B: I'll make some sandwiches.
• A: I'm so tired. I'm about to fall asleep.
  B: I'll get you some coffee.
• A: The phone is ringing.
  B: I'll get it.

USE 2 "Will" to Express a Promise

"Will" is usually used in promises.

Examples:

• I will call you when I arrive.
• If I am elected President of the United States, I will make sure everyone has access to inexpensive health insurance.
• I promise I will not tell him about the surprise party.
• Don't worry, I'll be careful.
• I won't tell anyone your secret.

USE 3 "Be going to" to Express a Plan

"Be going to" expresses that something is a plan. It expresses the idea that a person intends to do something in the future. It does not matter whether the plan is realistic or not.

Examples:

• He is going to spend his vacation in Hawaii.
• She is not going to spend her vacation in Hawaii.
• A: When are we going to meet each other tonight?
  B: We are going to meet at 6 PM.
• I'm going to be an actor when I grow up.
• Michelle is going to begin medical school next year.
• They are going to drive all the way to Alaska.
• Who are you going to invite to the party?
• A: Who is going to make John's birthday cake?
  B: Sue is going to make John's birthday cake.

USE 4 "Will" or "Be Going to" to Express a Prediction

Both "will" and "be going to" can express the idea of a general prediction about the future. Predictions are guesses about what might happen in the future. In "prediction" sentences, the subject usually has little control over the future and therefore USES 1-3 do not apply. In the following examples, there is no difference in meaning.

Examples:

• The year 2222 will be a very interesting year.
• The year 2222 is going to be a very interesting year.

• John Smith will be the next President.
• John Smith is going to be the next President.

• The movie "Zenith" will win several Academy Awards.
• The movie "Zenith" is going to win several Academy Awards.

IMPORTANT

In the Simple Future, it is not always clear which USE the speaker has in mind. Often, there is more than one way to interpret a sentence's meaning.

No Future in Time Clauses

Like all future forms, the Simple Future cannot be used in clauses beginning with time expressions such as: when, while, before, after, by the time, as soon as, if, unless, etc. Instead of Simple Future, Simple Present is used.

Examples:

• When you will arrive tonight, we will go out for dinner. Not Correct
• When you arrive tonight, we will go out for dinner. Correct

ADVERB PLACEMENT

The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.

Examples:

• You will never help him.
• Will you ever help him?

• You are never going to meet Jane.
• Are you ever going to meet Jane?

ACTIVE / PASSIVE

Examples:

• John will finish the work by 5:00 PM. Active
• The work will be finished by 5:00 PM. Passive

• Sally is going to make a beautiful dinner tonight. Active
• A beautiful dinner is going to be made by Sally tonight. Passive

More About Active / Passive Forms

REALIZA TODOS LOS  EJERCICIOS Y TOMA FOTO DE TUS RESULTADOS

EXERCISES AND RELATED TOPICS

• Verb Tense Exercise 18 Will and Be Going to
• Verb Tense Exercise 19 Will and Be Going to
• Verb Tense Exercise 20 Will and Be Going to
• Verb Tense Exercise 21 Simple Present and Simple Future
• Verb Tense Exercise 22 Simple Present and Simple Future

THEME TWO

OBJECT PRONOUNS

Object Pronouns

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What are object pronouns?

An object pronoun, also called objective pronoun, functions as the object of a verb or preposition, as distinguished from a subject or subjective pronoun, which is the subject of a verb.
Examples:

• He begged her to live with him. (her is the object of the verb begged and him is the object of the preposition with)
• She told them the truth. (them is the object of the verb told)

Object pronouns are used instead of object nouns, usually because we already know what the object is.

• She's my friend. I really enjoy being with her.
• I like this film. I saw it last week.

Object Pronouns

Object pronouns in English are the following:

me, you, him, her, it, us, them

Object pronouns come after either a verb (e.g "like") or a preposition (e.g "to").
Examples:

• I like you but you don't like me.
• Do you really hate her?
• She loves sitting next to him.
• She always writes e-mails to us.
• He's talking to her about it.

Object pronouns differ from:

• Subject pronouns,
• possessive adjectives,
• possessive pronouns,
• and reflexive pronouns.

Review:

Subject pronouns	Possessive adjectives	Possessive pronouns	Reflexive pronouns	Object pronouns
I	my	mine	myself	me
you	your	yours	yourself	you
he	his	his	himself	him
she	her	hers	herself	her
it	its	its	itself	it
we	our	ours	ourselves	us
you	your	yours	yourselves	you
they	their	theirs	themselves	them

Subject pronouns		Example:		Object pronouns		Example:		Significado:
I		I am shy.		me		Look at me.		Mírame. (a mi)
you		You are crying.		you		Take a look at you!		Mírate. (a ti)
he		He is the president!		him		Listen to him.		Escúchalo. (a él)
she		She is an easy woman.		her		Look at her.		Mírala. (a ella)
it		It's for our little cat.		it		Look at it.		Míralo.
we		We are a nice group. See?		us		Look at us.		Míranos. (a nosotros)
they		They are a happy family.		them		Look at them.		Míralos: (a ellos/ ellas)

EXERCISES A.- Object Pronouns Click the answer button to see the answer. "Is she writing to Leonardo di Caprio?" "Yes, she is in love with ___!" a. her b. him c. his Answerb "John is making a lot of noise!" "I'll ask ___ to be quiet." a. him b. it c. its Answera "Please tell Mrs. Smith to come in." "Sorry, I don't know ___." a. her b. him c. she Answera "I can't find my glasses!" "You are wearing ___!" a. them b. there c. they Answera "Do you like bananas?" "I love ___ !" a. hers b. its c. them Answerc "Why is he always talking about Pamela Anderson?" "He obviously likes ___ !" a. her b. him c. she Answera "Where is my book? Oh, dear! I've lost ___ !" a. him b. it c. its Answerb "Is that Mary's new boyfriend?" "Don't ask me, ask ___!" a. her b. his c. it Answera "What is the title of that song?" "I'm afraid I can't remember ___." a. him b. it c. them Answerb "Why is David so happy?" "His friends gave ___a guitar for his birthday!" a. him b. it c. them Answera "What are you going to do with those old papers?" "I'm going to recycle ___." a. their b. them c. they Answerb "Let's see the latest Spielberg movie!" "I have seen ___ already!" a. him b. it c. there Answerb "How are your parents? I haven't seen ___ for some time now!" a. them b. there c. they Answera "Have you met Tom and Lisa?" "No, I have never met ___ ." a. its b. the c. them Answerc B.- OBJECT PRONOUNS Read and choose     I can't see Mary. I can't see ________   him   she   her      Karen is next to Peter. Karen is next to ________     he   him   he     Can you help Peter and Ann? Can you help ________?   they   you   them    Drink your apple juice! Drink ________!   it   its   your    We are going to the cinema. Come with ________!   we   them   us    These are my bananas. You can't eat ________   they   them   it    Carol is at school. She can't come with ________   we   us   they    The cat is under the chair. Can you see __________?   he   she   it    Dave can't swim. Help ________!   him   her   he    It's Kate's birthday today. This is a present for ________   she   her   it    Where are you? I can't see ________   your   you   us    The windows are opened. Close ________   it   they   them    I can't ride a horse. Help ________!   I   me   it